Antimycin A New Fishery Tool

Abstract

Publication: Fish Control Laboratory, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, La Crosse (now known as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)

Antimycin, an antibiotic produced by certain Streptomyces species, has emerged as a promising tool in fisheries management, particularly for controlling invasive fish species like carp. Initially identified in 1945 for its antifungal properties, subsequent research revealed its potent toxicity to fish at concentrations harmless to other aquatic organisms. Studies have shown that antimycin is absorbed through fish gills, disrupting cellular respiration and leading to death even after brief exposure. Its species-specific lethality allows for targeted eradication; for instance, applications in Nebraska ponds successfully eliminated carp and green sunfish while sparing desirable species like northern pike and largemouth bass.

Field trials, such as the 1965 treatment of Veterans Memorial Park pond in Wisconsin, demonstrated antimycin's efficacy, with significant reductions in unwanted fish populations and minimal impact on non-target wildlife. Moreover, antimycin degrades in water within days, reducing environmental persistence. Ongoing research, supported by substantial funding, aims to refine application techniques and dosage to optimize its use in aquatic ecosystems.